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Study Suggests Link Between Autism and Parents' Ages

Filed under: In The News


As parents and researchers struggle and debate about the cause of the autism epidemic -- or if there's even an epidemic at all -- a new study suggests a link between the disorder and parents' ages.

A study published Feb. 8 in the journal Autism Research concludes that older mothers are more likely than younger ones to have a child with autism. In addition, older fathers significantly contribute to the risk of autism when their partners are under 30.

The New York Times reports researchers analyzed almost five million births in California during the 1990s. Some 12,159 of those children were diagnosed with autism.

According to the Times, previous research concluded that autism diagnoses grew with the age of the father. In this latest study, researchers found when the father was older than 40 and the mother was younger than 30, the autism rate was 59 percent higher than it was for younger men. When the mothers were over 30, that number was about 12 percent.
In addition, the Times reports, every five-year increase in a mother's age raised the risk of autism by 18 percent. A 40-year-old woman's risk was 50 percent greater than that of a woman who became a mother in her late 20s -- and 77 percent higher than that of a woman under 25.

"The rise in autism is occurring among children of parents of all ages," the study's lead author Janie F. Shelton, a graduate student in epidemiology at the University of California, tells the Times. "We can't say that the shifting trend of maternal age is responsible for the increased rates of autism."

According to Scientific American magazine, one in 5,000 children were considered autistic in 1980s. That number is now about one in 166.

Recent scientific studies have refuted the belief of many parents that there is a link between autism and childhood vaccines, leading to fresh speculation on what is causing the epidemic.

If there is an epidemic, that is. The Scientific American article suggests there may not be an autism epidemic so much as a diagnosis epidemic.

Authors of the new study say its numbers can be tricky.

One of the authors, Dr. Dolores Malaspina, a psychiatrist at the New York University Langone Medical Center, tells the Times that mothers and fathers were usually so close in age that small statistical differences could appear to shift the effect of advanced age from one parent to another.

"It's important we not turn around and blame mothers," Malaspina tells the newspaper. "The evidence is very, very strong that there is a paternal age effect."

Related: Autism

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